虛擬網絡控制檯（VNC）是一個圖形桌面共享軟件，允許您使用鍵盤和鼠標遠程控制另一臺計算機。
系統環境
服務端：Centos7.7 Minimal
客戶端：Windows10
客戶端VNC-Viewer 6.20下載地址：https://www.realvnc.com/en/connect/download/viewer/
安裝桌面環境
本實驗中安裝的系統沒有安裝桌面環境，我們需要自己安裝，如果已經安裝桌面了清跳過這一步。Centos7提供了"Cinnamon Desktop","MATE Desktop","GNOME Desktop","KDE Plasma Workspaces","LXQt Desktop","Xfce"讓我們安裝。
下面的命令列出可用環境組：
[root@localhost ~]# yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
- base: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
- epel: mirrors.aliyun.com
- extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
- updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
Available Environment Groups:
Minimal Install
Compute Node
Infrastructure Server
File and Print Server
Cinnamon Desktop
MATE Desktop
Basic Web Server
Virtualization Host
Server with GUI
GNOME Desktop
KDE Plasma Workspaces
Development and Creative Workstation
Available Groups:
Cinnamon
Compatibility Libraries
Console Internet Tools
Development Tools
Educational Software
Electronic Lab
Fedora Packager
General Purpose Desktop
Graphical Administration Tools
Haskell
LXQt Desktop
Legacy UNIX Compatibility
MATE
Milkymist
Scientific Support
Security Tools
Smart Card Support
System Administration Tools
System Management
TurboGears application framework
Xfce
Done
我們可以選擇自己喜歡的桌面環境，在這裡選擇安裝Xfce桌面：
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release && yum groupinstall Xfce
創建一個用戶
[root@localhost ~]# useradd user1
[root@localhost ~]# echo '123456'|passwd --stdin user1
[root@localhost ~]# usermod -a -G wheel user1
安裝VNC Server
在Centos倉庫默認提供的是TigerVNC安裝包，我們就安裝這個：
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install tigervnc-server tigervnc-server-module
切換到user1用戶，運行vncserver命令創建一個初始配置並設置密碼：
[root@localhost ~]# su - user1
[user1@localhost ~]$ vncserver :2
You will require a password to access your desktops.
Password:
Verify:
Would you like to enter a view-only password (y/n)? n
A view-only password is not used
New 'localhost.localdomain:2 (user1)' desktop is localhost.localdomain:2
Starting applications specified in /home/user1/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/user1/.vnc/localhost.localdomain:2.log
然後停止vncserver服務，目的就是創建密碼和.vnc下面的文件。
[user1@localhost ~]$ vncserver -kill :2
配置VNC Server
編輯用戶家目錄下面的.vnc/xstartup文件
[user1@localhost ~]$ vim ~/.vnc/xstartup
!/bin/sh
xrdb $HOME/.Xresources
xsetroot -solid grey
xterm -geometry 80x24+10+10 -ls -title "$VNCDESKTOP Desktop" &
twm &
startxfce4 &
如果需要修改屏幕分辨率，可以修改~/.vnc/config文件，取消gemoetry前面的註釋。
[user1@localhost ~]$ vim .vnc/config
Supported server options to pass to vncserver upon invocation can be listed
in this file. See the following manpages for more: vncserver(1) Xvnc(1).
Several common ones are shown below. Uncomment and modify to your liking.
securitytypes=vncauth,tlsvnc
desktop=sandbox
geometry=1920x1080
localhost
alwaysshared
創建 Systemd Unit文件
Unit文件方便快速的啟動，停止，重啟服務
[user1@localhost ~]$ sudo cp /usr/lib/systemd/system/[email protected] /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service
編輯vncserver@:2.service，替換文件裡面的為user1用戶, Type由默認的forking改為simple
[user1@localhost ~]$ vim /etc/systemd/system/vncserver@:2.service
[Unit]
Description=Remote desktop service (VNC)
After=syslog.target network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/runuser -l user1 -c "/usr/bin/vncserver %i"
PIDFile=/home/user1/.vnc/%H%i.pid
ExecStop=/bin/sh -c '/usr/bin/vncserver -kill %i > /dev/null 2>&1 || :'
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
啟動vncserver服務
重新加載管理器配置
[user1@localhost ~]$ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
啟動vncserver
[user1@localhost ~]$ sudo systemctl start vncserver@:2
客戶端遠程連接測試
在windows10客戶端打開VNC Viewer，輸入地址和會話端口號：
Centos7.7安裝vncserver虛擬網絡控制檯Centos7.7安裝vncserver虛擬網絡控制檯
Centos7.7安裝vncserver虛擬網絡控制檯Centos7.7安裝vncserver虛擬網絡控制檯
Centos7.7安裝vncserver虛擬網絡控制檯Centos7.7安裝vncserver虛擬網絡控制檯
總結
如果需要將VNC服務器配置為多個用戶啟動顯示，請使用vncserver命令創建初始配置並設置密碼，然後使用其他端口創建新的服務文件。