最近在配置阿里雲服務器，需要把本地的代碼和資料上傳到服務器，運行測試。
於是就需要自己搭建一個FTP服務。
ftp服務器安裝與配置
1. ftp服務端的安裝如果之前配置過ftp服務器的還是之後配置的服務器，無法啟動服務，那麼基本是配置出現了錯誤，那麼可先完全卸載後再進行安裝。如果無法定位多半是鏡像源的問題，請更換阿里源。
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get install vsftpdvsftpd --version //檢測是否安裝 vim /etc/vsftpd.conf //編輯配置文件修改vsftpd.conf文件如下：
listen=NO //是否開啟監聽ipv4和ipv6數據
listen_ipv6=YES //是否開啟監聽ipv6數據
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
anonymous_enable=NO //是否允許匿名登陸，無需密碼
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.local_enable=YES //是否允許本地用戶登錄
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.write_enable=YES //是否允許登陸者上傳文件
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022 //設置本地用戶默認要減免的權限
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they# go into a certain
directory.dirmessage_enable=YES //目錄消息，能夠給遠程登陸的用戶發送目錄
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES //服務器所展示的目錄將隨著本地時間而改變
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES //開啟上傳下載的日誌記錄
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES //確認連接傳輸的端口號為20
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log //日誌文件存放位置
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES //日誌文件採用標準格式
# You may fully customise the login banner string:ftpd_banner=Welcome to FTP service. //在使用shell時登陸那麼會發送歡迎語
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)chroot_local_user=YES //對本地用戶是否實施限制chroot_list_enable=YES //開啟限制白名單# (default follows) chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list //白名單路徑，若無這個文件需要自己創建
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.# pam_service_name=vsftpdpam_service_name=ftp //此處ubuntu的系統需要改為ftp
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pemrsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.keyssl_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.utf8_filesystem=YES //編碼統一為utf8編碼，可以識別中文，防止亂碼 3. vftpd配置完成添加設置ftpuser用戶和訪問目錄
1. 創建ftp用戶組和用戶sudo groupadd ftpusers //創建ftpusers用戶組
sudo useradd -m ftpuser_lxr//創建一個用戶並且自動創建家目錄為/home/ftpuser_lxr
（第二種方式：mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr //先創建家目錄sudo userad -d /home/ftpuser_lxr ftpuser_lxr //綁定這個家目錄)
usermod -G ftpusers ftpuser_lxr //將這個新用戶加入到ftpusers用戶組中
sudo passwd ftpuser_lxr //更改密碼
mkdir /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp //為用戶添加一個具有一定權限的文件夾
chmod 777 -R /home/ftpuser_lxr/ftp //新建一個pub目錄用於存放文件，並且賦予全部權限
usermod -s /sbin/nologin username //限制用戶登錄方式；限制用戶username只能通過ftp登陸，而不能直接[登陸服務器](https://www.aliyun.com/minisite/goods?userCode=gy5l4yp9)2.將該用戶加入vsftpd.chroot_list白名單中mkdir /etc/vsftpd.chroot_listvim vsftpd.chroot_list該文件內容如下：
#白名單ftpuser_lxr3.開啟並重啟vsftpd的服務systemctl start vsftpd或者service vsftpd start
systemctl restart vsftpd或者service vsftpd restart
測試
方法一：
打開瀏覽器，在地址欄輸入：ftp://ip_addresss方法二：
在ubuntu中使用shell輸入：ftp ip_address方法三：
在windows中在文件管理器地址欄輸入：ftp://ip_addresss，該方式可以上傳下載文件方法四:
在windows中使用cmd輸入：ftp://ip_addresss //顯示連接成功