Step by Step
實例及接入準備
Kafka實例創建,這裡使用阿里雲Kafka消息隊列。為了方便本地測試,創建公網 + VPC實例,參考鏈接。
三種消息發送方式
1、發後即忘(fire-and-forget)
import org.apache.kafka.clients.CommonClientConfigs;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.common.config.SaslConfigs;
import org.apache.kafka.common.config.SslConfigs;
import java.util.Properties;
public class KafkaProducerDemo {
public static void main(String args[]) {
//設置sasl文件的路徑
JavaKafkaConfigurer.configureSasl();
//加載kafka.properties
Properties kafkaProperties = JavaKafkaConfigurer.getKafkaProperties();
Properties props = new Properties();
// 設置接入點,請通過控制檯獲取對應Topic的接入點
props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, kafkaProperties.getProperty("bootstrap.servers"));
// 設置SSL根證書的路徑,請記得將XXX修改為自己的路徑
// 與sasl路徑類似,該文件也不能被打包到jar中
props.put(SslConfigs.SSL_TRUSTSTORE_LOCATION_CONFIG, kafkaProperties.getProperty("ssl.truststore.location"));
// 根證書store的密碼,保持不變
props.put(SslConfigs.SSL_TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD_CONFIG, "KafkaOnsClient");
// 接入協議,目前支持使用SASL_SSL協議接入
props.put(CommonClientConfigs.SECURITY_PROTOCOL_CONFIG, "SASL_SSL");
// SASL鑑權方式,保持不變
props.put(SaslConfigs.SASL_MECHANISM, "PLAIN");
// Kafka消息的序列化方式
props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
// 請求的最長等待時間
props.put(ProducerConfig.MAX_BLOCK_MS_CONFIG, 30 * 1000);
// 設置客戶端內部重試次數
props.put(ProducerConfig.RETRIES_CONFIG, 5);
// 設置客戶端內部重試間隔
props.put(ProducerConfig.RECONNECT_BACKOFF_MS_CONFIG, 3000);
// hostname校驗改成空
props.put(SslConfigs.SSL_ENDPOINT_IDENTIFICATION_ALGORITHM_CONFIG, "");
// 構造Producer對象,注意,該對象是線程安全的,一般來說,一個進程內一個Producer對象即可;
// 如果想提高性能,可以多構造幾個對象,但不要太多,最好不要超過5個
KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<String, String>(props);
// 構造一個Kafka消息
String topic = kafkaProperties.getProperty("topic"); //消息所屬的Topic,請在控制檯申請之後,填寫在這裡
String value = "this is the message's value"; //消息的內容
long t1 = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
for (int i =0; i < 10000; i++) {
// 發送消息:發後即忘
ProducerRecord<String, String> kafkaMessage = new ProducerRecord<String, String>(topic, value + ": " + i);
producer.send(kafkaMessage);
}
// 將緩衝區的全部消息push到broker當中
producer.flush();
producer.close();
long t2 = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("發送消息耗時:" + (t2-t1));
} catch (Exception e) {
// 客戶端內部重試之後,仍然發送失敗,業務要應對此類錯誤
// 參考常見報錯: https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/68168.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.567.2OMgCB
System.out.println("error occurred");
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("消息發送完成!");
}
}
2、同步(sync)
long t1=System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
//批量獲取 futures 可以加快速度, 但注意,批量不要太大
List<Future<RecordMetadata>> futures = new ArrayList<Future<RecordMetadata>>(128);
for (int i =0; i < 10000; i++) {
//發送消息,並獲得一個Future對象
ProducerRecord<String, String> kafkaMessage = new ProducerRecord<String, String>(topic, value + ": " + i);
Future<RecordMetadata> metadataFuture = producer.send(kafkaMessage);
futures.add(metadataFuture);
}
producer.flush();
for (Future<RecordMetadata> future: futures) {
//同步獲得Future對象的結果
try {
RecordMetadata recordMetadata = future.get();
System.out.println("Produce ok:" + recordMetadata.toString());
} catch (Throwable t) {
t.printStackTrace();
}
}
producer.close(); // 關閉producer
long t2=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("同步發送耗時:" + (t2-t1));
} catch (Exception e) {
//客戶端內部重試之後,仍然發送失敗,業務要應對此類錯誤
//參考常見報錯: https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/68168.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.567.2OMgCB
System.out.println("error occurred");
e.printStackTrace();
}
3、異步(async)
import org.apache.kafka.clients.CommonClientConfigs;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.*;
import org.apache.kafka.common.config.SaslConfigs;
import org.apache.kafka.common.config.SslConfigs;
import java.util.Properties;
public class KafkaProducerDemoAsync {
public static void main(String args[]) {
//設置sasl文件的路徑
JavaKafkaConfigurer.configureSasl();
//加載kafka.properties
Properties kafkaProperties = JavaKafkaConfigurer.getKafkaProperties();
Properties props = new Properties();
//設置接入點,請通過控制檯獲取對應Topic的接入點
props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, kafkaProperties.getProperty("bootstrap.servers"));
//設置SSL根證書的路徑,請記得將XXX修改為自己的路徑
//與sasl路徑類似,該文件也不能被打包到jar中
props.put(SslConfigs.SSL_TRUSTSTORE_LOCATION_CONFIG, kafkaProperties.getProperty("ssl.truststore.location"));
//根證書store的密碼,保持不變
props.put(SslConfigs.SSL_TRUSTSTORE_PASSWORD_CONFIG, "KafkaOnsClient");
//接入協議,目前支持使用SASL_SSL協議接入
props.put(CommonClientConfigs.SECURITY_PROTOCOL_CONFIG, "SASL_SSL");
//SASL鑑權方式,保持不變
props.put(SaslConfigs.SASL_MECHANISM, "PLAIN");
//Kafka消息的序列化方式
props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
//請求的最長等待時間
props.put(ProducerConfig.MAX_BLOCK_MS_CONFIG, 30 * 1000);
//設置客戶端內部重試次數
props.put(ProducerConfig.RETRIES_CONFIG, 5);
//設置客戶端內部重試間隔
props.put(ProducerConfig.RECONNECT_BACKOFF_MS_CONFIG, 3000);
//hostname校驗改成空
props.put(SslConfigs.SSL_ENDPOINT_IDENTIFICATION_ALGORITHM_CONFIG, "");
//構造Producer對象,注意,該對象是線程安全的,一般來說,一個進程內一個Producer對象即可;
//如果想提高性能,可以多構造幾個對象,但不要太多,最好不要超過5個
KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<String, String>(props);
//構造一個Kafka消息
String topic = kafkaProperties.getProperty("topic"); //消息所屬的Topic,請在控制檯申請之後,填寫在這裡
String value = "this is the message's value"; //消息的內容
long t1=System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
for (int i =0; i < 10000; i++) {
//發送消息,並獲得一個Future對象
ProducerRecord<String, String> kafkaMessage = new ProducerRecord<String, String>(topic, value + ": " + i);
producer.send(kafkaMessage,new MyProducerCallback());
}
// 將緩衝區的全部消息push到broker當中
producer.flush();
producer.close();
long t2=System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("發送消息耗時:" + (t2-t1));
} catch (Exception e) {
//客戶端內部重試之後,仍然發送失敗,業務要應對此類錯誤
//參考常見報錯: https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/68168.html?spm=a2c4g.11186623.6.567.2OMgCB
System.out.println("error occurred");
e.printStackTrace();
}
System.out.println("消息發送完成!");
}
/**
* callback 類實現
*/
private static class MyProducerCallback implements Callback {
public void onCompletion(RecordMetadata recordMetadata, Exception e) {
if (e != null) {
e.printStackTrace();
return;
}
System.out.println(recordMetadata.topic());
System.out.println(recordMetadata.partition());
System.out.println(recordMetadata.offset());
System.out.println("Coming in MyProducerCallback");
}
}
}
時間對比
fire-and-forget:發送消息耗時:456
sync:同步發送耗時:613
async:發送消息耗時:713